절연 물질에서 산화 마그네슘의 역할

절연 물질에서 산화 마그네슘의 역할

1. 재료의 전기 절연 성능 향상

• 전류 전도 차단: 산화마그네슘 자체는 매우 높은 체적 저항률을 가지고 있습니다. (일반적으로 101⁴Ω·cm 이상). 단열재에 첨가하는 경우 (절연 페인트와 같은, 절연지, 및 케이블 절연층), 전류 누출이나 고장을 효과적으로 차단할 수 있습니다., 절연 내력을 강화하다 (전압 항복 저항) 재료의, 고전압 환경에서 전기 장비의 안전한 작동을 보장합니다..
• 부분 방전 억제: 고전압 절연 재료에, 산화마그네슘은 매트릭스에 균일하게 분산될 수 있습니다., 소재 내부의 기포, 불순물 등의 결함 감소, 국부적인 전계 집중 현상을 완화. 부분방전으로 인한 절연재료의 침식을 억제하고 절연수명을 연장시킵니다..

2. 고온 저항 및 열 안정성 향상

• 고온 캐리어 기능: 산화마그네슘은 융점이 2800°C에 달하며 고온에서도 쉽게 분해되거나 변질되지 않습니다., 고온 절연 재료에 이상적인 첨가제로 만듭니다.. 예를 들어, 내화 절연 케이블, 산화마그네슘은 도체를 감싸고 내열성 절연층을 형성하기 위한 무기 절연 충전재로 자주 사용됩니다.. 이를 통해 케이블은 600°C 이상의 고온 환경에서도 절연 성능을 유지할 수 있습니다., 야금 및 항공우주와 같은 극한 작업 조건에 적합합니다..
• Heat Conduction Regulation: Magnesium oxide has a certain degree of thermal conductivity. In insulating materials, it can help dissipate heat, avoiding aging of insulating materials caused by excessive local temperature during equipment operation (such as softening and decomposition of rubber or plastic insulation layers due to overheating), and balancing insulation and heat dissipation.

3. Improving Mechanical and Chemical Stability

• Enhancing Mechanical Strength: In insulating composite materials (such as glass fiber-reinforced insulating boards and molded insulating products), magnesium oxide can be used as a filler to combine with the matrix (resin, 고무, 등.), improving the hardness, 인장강도, and wear resistance of the material, and reducing damage to the insulation layer caused by mechanical stress.
• Corrosion Resistance and Moisture Resistance: Magnesium oxide is alkaline, which can neutralize acidic degradation products that may be generated during the use of insulating materials (such as organic acids released by polymer aging). 동시에, its dense structure can inhibit the penetration of water and moisture, protecting the insulating material from environmental corrosion. It is especially suitable for insulating products in humid or corrosive environments (such as underground cables and insulation layers of chemical equipment).

4. Adapting to Functional Requirements of Specific Insulation Scenarios

• High-Frequency Insulating Materials: In insulating materials for high-frequency motors and transformers, the low dielectric loss characteristic of magnesium oxide can reduce the conversion loss of electromagnetic energy, ensuring the efficiency and stability of equipment under high-frequency working conditions.
• Flexible Insulating Products: In flexible materials such as insulating rubber and insulating tape, magnesium oxide can adjust the vulcanization performance of the material (such as acting as a vulcanization activator), improving its aging resistance and insulation durability without affecting flexibility.
• Inorganic Insulating Coatings: Magnesium oxide can be compounded with other inorganic materials (such as aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide) to form ceramic insulating coatings, which are used on the surface of electrical components and have the functions of insulation, 내화성, 및 내마모성.

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