บทบาทของแมกนีเซียมไฮดรอกไซด์ในปลอกสายไฟและสายเคเบิล

บทบาทของแมกนีเซียมไฮดรอกไซด์ในปลอกสายไฟและสายเคเบิล

1. Efficient Flame Retardancy to Prevent Fire Spread

• Endothermic Cooling for Flame Retardancy: แมกนีเซียมไฮดรอกไซด์สลายตัวที่อุณหภูมิสูง (2มก.(โอ้)₂ → MgO + 2H₂O↑), a process that absorbs a large amount of heat. This effectively lowers the surface temperature of the cable sheath, delaying the thermal decomposition and combustion rate of the material.
• Diluting Oxygen and Combustibles: The water vapor generated during decomposition dilutes the oxygen concentration around the cable and weakens the flammable gases produced by combustion, inhibiting the sustained burning of the flame and thus preventing the fire from spreading along the cable.
• Forming a Flame-Retardant Barrier: The magnesium oxide (MGO) produced after decomposition is a high-temperature-resistant inert solid. It forms a dense ceramic-like thermal insulation layer on the surface of the cable sheath, isolating heat and oxygen, further preventing the internal material from burning, and achieving a “ดับไฟได้เอง” effect.

2. Smoke Suppression and Toxicity Reduction to Lower Fire Hazards

• Reducing Smoke Generation: Compared with traditional halogenated flame retardants, magnesium hydroxide produces almost no toxic smoke or corrosive gases (เช่น ไฮโดรเจนเฮไลด์) ระหว่างการเผาไหม้. It significantly reduces smoke concentration in fires, minimizing secondary injuries caused by smoke asphyxiation or impaired visibility.
• Inhibiting Toxic Gas Release: Its decomposition products are water and magnesium oxide, both non-toxic and harmless substances. This avoids the release of toxic gases (such as carbon monoxide and cyanides) when the cable burns, improving safety at the fire scene.

3. Enhancing Material Mechanics and Environmental Adaptability

• Improving Sheath Mechanical Properties: เป็นสารตัวเติม, magnesium hydroxide can combine with the base materials of cable sheaths (such as polyethylene, โพลีไวนิลคลอไรด์, ยาง, เป็นต้น), enhancing the material’s hardness, แรงดึง, และทนต่อการสึกหรอ, and reducing damage to the sheath during installation or use.
• Aging and Corrosion Resistance: Magnesium hydroxide has good chemical stability, resisting erosion from environmental factors such as acids, alkalis, and moisture. It delays the aging rate of the sheath material, extending the service life of the cable, especially in complex environments such as humid or outdoor settings.

4. Meeting Environmental and Compliance Requirements

• Halogen-Free and Environmental Characteristics: Magnesium hydroxide is a halogen-free flame retardant, containing no halogen elements such as chlorine or bromine. It complies with environmental regulations such as EU RoHS and REACH, avoiding the harm to the environment and human body caused by toxic and harmful substances generated during combustion of traditional halogenated flame retardants. It is suitable for green products such as low-smoke halogen-free cables.
• Adapting to Safety Standards: In fields with extremely high fire safety requirements such as construction, การขนส่งทางรถไฟ, and ships, using cable sheaths containing magnesium hydroxide can meet relevant flame retardant grades (เช่น UL94 V-0, IEC 60332, เป็นต้น), ensuring the safe operation of electrical systems.

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