제약에서 탄산 마그네슘의 역할

제약에서 탄산 마그네슘의 역할

1. Antacid: Relieving Gastrointestinal Discomfort

• Mechanism of action: Magnesium carbonate is a weak base that can neutralize excess gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) in the stomach, reducing the concentration of hydrogen ions in gastric juice. The chemical reaction is: mgco₃ + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + CO₂↑ + H₂O. This process can alleviate symptoms caused by excessive gastric acid, such as heartburn, acid regurgitation, stomach pain, and discomfort in the upper abdomen.
• Application scenarios: It is often used in compound antacid preparations to treat conditions like functional dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and peptic ulcer (as an auxiliary treatment to reduce acid irritation).

2. Laxative: Promoting Bowel Movement

• Mechanism of action: When taken orally, magnesium carbonate is not completely absorbed in the intestines. It increases the osmotic pressure in the intestinal lumen, drawing water into the intestines to soften stool and stimulate intestinal peristalsis, thereby promoting defecation.
• Features: It has a relatively mild laxative effect and is suitable for relieving occasional constipation. However, it should be used with caution to avoid excessive use leading to electrolyte imbalance (such as hypokalemia) or diarrhea.

3. Nutritional Supplement: Supplementing Magnesium

• Role: Magnesium is an essential mineral for the human body, participating in various physiological processes such as energy metabolism, nerve conduction, and muscle contraction. Magnesium carbonate can be used as a magnesium supplement in nutritional supplements or fortified foods to prevent or treat magnesium deficiency.
• Note: The bioavailability of magnesium carbonate as a supplement is moderate. It is often formulated with other magnesium salts (such as magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate) in preparations to optimize absorption.

4. Excipient in Pharmaceutical Formulations

• In some pharmaceutical preparations, magnesium carbonate can act as a filler or diluent, helping to adjust the volume, weight, or hardness of tablets and capsules, facilitating the manufacturing and molding of preparations. Its inert chemical properties make it less likely to react with active pharmaceutical ingredients, ensuring the stability of the medicine.

Precautions for Use

• Contraindications: It is not suitable for patients with severe renal insufficiency, as impaired renal function may lead to excessive accumulation of magnesium ions in the body, causing adverse reactions such as hypermagnesemia (manifested as muscle weakness, arrhythmia, 등.).
• Drug interactions: It may affect the absorption of certain drugs (such as tetracycline antibiotics, fluoroquinolones) when taken together, so there should be an interval of 2-3 hours between administrations.